NDA Syllabus | National Defence Academy Examination Syllabus

SYLLABUS OF THE EXAMINATION
Paper–I (Code No. 01)
MATHEMATICS
(Maximum Marks–300)

1. Algebra :
Concept of a set, operations on sets, Venn diagrams. De Morgan laws. Cartesian product, relation, equivalence relation.

Representation of real numbers on a line Complex numbers—basic properties, modulus, argument, cube roots of unity. Binary system of numbers. Conversion of a number in decimal system to binary system and vice-versa. Arithmetic, Geometric and Harmonic progressions. Quadratic equations with real coefficients. Solution of linear inequations of two variables by graphs. Permutation and Combination. Binomial theorem and its applications. Logarithms and their applications.

2. Matrices and Determinants :
Types of matrices, operations on matrices. Determinant of a matrix basic properties of determinants. Adjoint and inverse of a square matrix Applications—Solution of a system of linear equations in two or three unknowns by Cramer’s rule and by Matrix Method.

3. Trigonometry :
Angles and their measures in degrees and in radians. Trigonometrical ratios. Trigonometric identities Sum and difference formulae. Multiple and Sub-multiple angles. Inverse trigonometric functions. Applications—Height and distance, properties of triangles.

4. Analytical Geometry of Two and Three Dimensions :
Rectangular Cartesian Coordinate system. Distance formula. Equation of a line in various forms. Angle between two lines. Distance of a point from a line. Equation of a circle in standard and in general form. Standard forms of parabola, ellipse and hyperbola. Eccentricity and axis of a conic. Point in a three dimensional space, distance between two points. Direction Cosines and direction ratios. Equation of a plane and a line in various forms. Angle between two lines and angle between two planes. Equation of a sphere.

5. Differential Calculus :
Concept of a real valued function-domain, range and graph of a function. Composite functions, one to one, onto and inverse functions. Notion of limit, Standard limits—examples. Continuity of functions—examples, algebraic operations on continuous functions. Derivative of function at a point, geometrical and physical interpretation of a derivative-applications. Derivatives of sum, product and quotient of functions, derivative of a function with respect to another function, derivative of a composite function. Second order derivatives. Increasing and decreasing functions. Application of derivatives in problems of maxima and minima.

6. Integral Calculus and Differential Equations :
Integration as inverse of differentiation, integration by substitution and by parts, standard integrals involving algebraic expressions, trigonometric, exponential and hyperbolic functions. Evaluation of definite integrals—determination of areas of plane regions bounded by curves—applications. Definition of order and degree of a differential equation, formation of a differential equation by examples. General and particular solution of a differential equation, solution of first order and first degree differential equations of
various types—examples. Application in problems of growth and decay.

7. Vector Algebra :
Vectors in two and three dimensions, magnitude and direction of a vector. Unit and null vectors, addition of vectors, scalar multiplication of a vector, scalar product or dot product of two vectors. Vector product or cross product of two vectors. Applications-work done by a force and moment of a force, and in geometrical problems.

8. Statistics and Probability :
Statistics : Classification of data. Frequency distribution, cumulative frequency distribution examples. Graphical representation—Histogram, Pie Chart, frequency polygon—examples. Measure of Central tendency—Mean, median and mode. Variance and standard deviation—determination and comparison. Correlation and regression.

Probability : Random experiment, outcomes and associated sample space, events, mutually exclusive and exhaustive events, impossible and certain events. Union and intersection of events. Complementary, elementary and composite events. Definition of probability—classical and statistical examples. Elementary theorems on probability— simple problems. Conditional probability, Bayes’ theorem-simple problems. Random variable as function on a sample space. Binomial distribution, examples of random experiments giving rise to Binomial distribution.

Paper–II (Code No. 02)
GENERAL ABILITY TEST
(Maximum Marks–600)
PART ‘A’
ENGLISH
(Maximum Marks–200)

The question paper in English will be designed to test the candidate’s understanding of English and work-man-like use of words. The syllabus covers various aspects like : Grammar and usage, vocabulary, comprehension and cohesion in extended texts to test the candidate’s proficiency in English.

PART ‘B’
GENERAL KNOWLEDGE
(Maximum Marks–400)
The question paper on General Knowledge will broadly cover the subjects : Physics, Chemistry, General Science, Social Studies, Geography and Current Events. 

The syllabus given below is designed to indicate the scope of these subjects included in this paper. The topics mentioned are not to be regarded as exhaustive and questions on topics of similar nature not specifically mentioned in the syllabus may also be asked. Candidate’s answers are expected to show their knowledge and intelligent understanding of the subject.

Section ‘A’ (Physics)
Physical Properties and States of Matter, Mass, Weight, Volume, Density and Specific Gravity, Principle of Archimedes, Pressure Barometer. 

Motion of objects, Velocity and Acceleration, Newton’s Laws of Motion, Force and Momentum, Parallelogram of Forces, Stability and Equilibrium of bodies, Gravitation, elementary ideas of Work, Power and Energy.

Effects of Heat. Measurement of Temperature and Heat. Change of State and Latent Heat. Modes of transference of Heat.

Sound waves and their properties, Simple musical instruments.

Rectilinear propagation of Light. Reflection and refraction, Spherical mirrors and Lenses, Human Eye.

Natural and Artificial Magnets. Properties of a Magnet, Earth as a Magnet.

Static and Current Electricity. Conductors and Non-conductors, Ohm’s Law. Simple Electrical Circuits. Heating, Lighting and Magnetic effects of Current. Measurement of Electrical Power, Primary and Secondary Cells. Use of X-rays.

General Principles in the working of the following :
Simple Pendulum, Simple Pulleys, Siphon, Levers, Balloon, Pumps, Hydrometer, Pressure Cooker, Thermos Flask, Gramophone, Telegraphs, Telephone, Periscope, Telescope, Microscope, Mariner’s Compass, Lightning Conductors. Safety Fuses.

Section ‘B’ (Chemistry)
Physical and Chemical changes. Elements, Mixtures and Compounds, Symbols, Formulae and Simple Chemical Equations. Law of Chemical Combination (excluding problems). Properties of Air and Water.

Preparation and Properties of Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen and Carbondioxide, Oxidation and Reduction.

Acids, Bases and Salts.

Carbon–Different forms.

Fertilizers–Natural and Artificial. 

Materials used in the preparations of substances like Soap, Glass, Ink, Paper, Cement, Paints, Safety Matches and Gun-powder. 

Elementary ideas about the Structure of Atom, Atomic Equivalent and Molecular Weights. Valency.

Section ‘C’ (General Science)
Difference between the living and non-living. 

Basis of Life—Cells Protoplasms and Tissues.

Growth and Reproduction in Plants and Animals.

Elementary knowledge of human Body and its important organs.

Common Epidemics, their causes and prevention. 

Food—Source of Energy for Man, Constituent of food, Balanced Diet.

The Solar System Meteors and Comets, Eclipses. 

Achievements of Eminent Scientists.

Section ‘D’ (History, Freedom Movement etc.)
A broad survey of Indian History, with emphasis on Culture and Civilisation.

Freedom Movement in India.

Elementary study of Indian Constitution and Administration.

Elementary knowledge of Five Year Plans of India.

Panchayati Raj, Co-operatives and Community Development.

Bhoodan, Sarvodaya, National Integration and Welfare State, Basic teachings of Mahatma Gandhi.

Forces shaping the modern World; Renaissance Exploration and Discovery. War of American Independence, French Revolution, Industrial Revolution and Russian Revolution, Impact of Science and Technology on Society. Concept of One World, United Nations Panchsheel, Democracy, Socialism and Communism. Role of India in the Present World.

Section ‘E’ (Geography)
The Earth, its shape and size, Latitudes and Longitudes. Concept of Time, International Date line, Movements of Earth and their effects. 

Origin of Earth, Rocks and their classification; Weathering—Mechanical and Chemical, Earthquakes and Volcanoes.

Ocean Current and Tides.

Atmosphere and its composition; Temperature and Atmospheric Pressure, Planetary winds, Cyclones and Anti-cyclones; Humidity; Condensation and Precipitation; Types of Climate. Major Natural regions of the World.

Regional Geography of India—Climate, Natural Vegetation. Mineral and Power resources; location and distribution of agricultural and industrial activities.

Important Sea Ports and main sea, land and air routes of India. Main items of Imports and Exports of India.

Section ‘F’ (Current Events)
Knowledge of Important events that have happened in India in the recent years. 

Current important world events.

Prominent personalities—both Indian and International including those connected with cultural activities and sports.

Note—Out of maximum marks assigned to Part ‘B’ of this paper questions on Sections ‘A’, ‘B’, ‘C’, ‘D’, ‘E’ and ‘F’ will carry approximately 25%, 15%, 10%, 20%, 20% and 10% weightages respectively.

INTELLIGENCE AND PERSONALITY TEST

In addition to the interview the candidates will be put to Intelligence Test both verbal and non-verbal designed to assess their basic intelligence. They will also be put to Group Test, such as group discussions, groups planning, outdoor group tasks and asked to give brief lectures on specified subjects. All these tests are intended to judge the mental calibre of a candidate. In broad terms this is really an assessment of not only his intellectual qualities but also his social traits and interest in current affairs.


Source : http://allexamguru.blogspot.in/

SUPPLY OF GOOD QUALITY OF UNIFORM TO THE POSTAL EMPLOYEE, ETC. SUBMISSION OF SAMPLES OF CLOTH-REGARDING.

SUPPLY OF GOOD QUALITY OF UNIFORM TO THE POSTAL EMPLOYEE, ETC. SUBMISSION OF SAMPLES OF CLOTH-REGARDING.

Government of India

Ministry of Communications &IT

Department of Posts

Dak Bhawan, Sansad Marg

New Delhi

No. 23-5/2007-UPE    Dated 9^th May, 2012.

To

            The Secretary General,

            National Federation of Postal Employees,

            1^st Floor North Avenue P.O.  Bldg.

            New Delhi

           

Sub: Supply of good quality of uniform to the Postal Employee, etc. Submission of   samples of cloth-Regarding.

Sir,

            Postal Joint Council of Action and JCM of Department of Posts have raised following demand in their agenda items:

(i)         Supply of good quality of cloth of uniform

(ii)        Replacement of umbrella with rain coat for Postmen.

(iii)       Grant of uniform kit maintenance allowance for uniform, staff.

            The matters have been examined in consultation with Department of Personnel &

Training (DOPT) vide OM No. 14/1/2012-JCA2 dated 7.2.2012 (Copy enclosed) and necessary instructions to that effect has since been issued to the Heads of Circles of Department of Posts vide letter of even number dated 9^th May, 2012 (Copy enclosed). This is for your information.

Yours faithfully

Sd/-

(R.B. Chawla)

Director (E&MM)

Copy to:

1.         General Secretary, All India Postal Employees Union,  Postmen & Group D/MTS, 17/3-D , Kali Bari Marg, New Delhi.

2.         General Secretary, National Union of Postal Employees Postmen & Group D/MTS, Dalvi Sadan, Khurshid Square, Civil Lines, P&T Colony Delhi-110 054

SUPPLY OF GOOD QUALITY OF UNIFORM TO THE POSTAL EMPLOYEE, ETC.  OF CLOTH-REGARDING.

D.G Posts No. 23-5/2007-UPE dated 9^th May,2012.

            The Associations of Department of Posts have raised a demand for supply of good quality of uniform to the Postal Employees, replacement of Umbrellas with water proofs to the postmen and grant of Uniform Kit maintenance allowance.

2.         The matter has been examined in consultation with Department of Personnel & Training (DOPT), and the clarifications given by them vide OM No. 14/1/2012-JCA2 dated 7.2.1012 is enclosed for necessary action, which interalia states that” after coming into effect of GFR 2005 this Department has issued an OM No. 14/7/2003-JCA dated 21.11.2005 (copy enclosed), which was in supersession of the earlier instructions, clarifying that the further procurement should be made as per the relevant rules in the new GFR’s 2005. This implies that Ministries/Departments can now decide to procure uniform from anywhere and on rates subject to complying with the provisions of GFR, 2005.”

3.         Regarding eligibility/supply of Umbrellas and replacement of Umbrellas with water proofs, the procedure has been codified in rule 737(X) & (XI) of Postal Manual Volume. I. The Heads of Circles are hereby informed that necessary action in this respect may be taken as per the codified procedure in consultation with the Internal Financial Advisers.

4.         The DOP&T have clarified that common categories of staff, with which DOPT is concerned, no kit maintenance allowance is admissible and they are entitled to washing allowance, if issued with uniform.

Yours faithfully

Sd/-

(R.B. Chawla)

Director (E&MM)

Copy of DOPT O.M. No. 14/1/2012-JCA2 dated 7^th February, 2012 addressed to Shri R.B. Chawla, Director (MM&VP), Ministry of Communications &IT, Department of Posts, New Delhi.

OFFICE MEMORANDUM

Sub:   Supply of good quality of uniform and other kit items to the Postal Employees of Department of Posts-regarding.

            The undersigned is directed to refer to Department of Post’s O.M. No. 23-5/2007-UPE dated 25^th January, 2012 on the subject cited above and No. 23-5/2007-UPE dated 2^nd February, 2012 regarding grant of Uniform and Kit maintenance allowances.

2.         In this connection , it is stated that after coming in to effect of GFR,2005 this Department has issued as OM No. 14/7/2003-JCAdated 21^st November,2005(copy enclosed) , which was in supersession of the earlier instructions, clarifying that the further procurement should be made as per the relevant rules in the new GFR’s 2005. This implies that Ministries/Departments can now decide to procure uniform from anywhere and on rates subject to complying with the provisions of GFR, 2005. 

3.         Regarding replacement of Umbrella with raincoat for Postmen, it is stated that in case of employees not covered under common categories, Ministries administratively concerned should themselves decide the question of issue of uniform and scales/tenure in consultation with the appropriate financial authorities.

4.         In so far as issue relating to grant of Uniform & Kit maintenance allowances to all uniformed staff in Department of Posts is concerned, it is stated that for common categories of staff, with which DOPT is concerned, no such allowance is admissible and they are entitled to washing allowance, if issued with uniform.

Sd/-

(Ashok Kumar)

Deputy Secretary (JCA)

PROCUREMENT OF UNIFORMS (SUMMER/WINTER) FOR COMMON CATEGORIES OF EMPLOYEES IN THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT MINISTRIES/DEPARTMENTS-REVISED PROCEDURE UNDER THE GENERAL FINANCIAL RULES, 2005-REG.

DOPT O.M. No.  14-7/2003-JCA             Dated 21^st Nov 2005

Reference: Ministry of Finance OM No. 1/12/E.II(A)/94 dated 29.07.2005

           

The undersigned is directed to refer to the consolidated instructions issued in the Department OM No 14/8/90-JCA dated 29.6.1990 and further orders issued from time to time dealing with the procedure for procurement and supply of summer/winter uniforms to common categories of Group 'C' and 'D' employees serving in various Ministries/Departments of the Central Government and to say as follows:

2.         Consequent to the coming into force of the new General Financial Rules, 2005 (FGRs), it has become necessary to review and modify the existing procedure for procurement/purchase of summer/winter uniforms for common categories of Group 'C' and 'D' employees serving in various Ministries/Departments of the Central Government so as to bring it in line with the provisions of revised FGRs.  In this connection, it is also relevant to note that vide OM dated 29.7.2005 cited above, the Ministry of Finance(Department of Expenditure) has clarified that the special dispensation from the process of inviting tenders/quotations provided to NCCF/Kendriya Bhandar in DOPT Welfare Division's OM dated 14.7.1981 and 11.4.1994 under chapter 8 of the old GFRs no longer holds good and that purchase/procurement of goods by Government of India offices will now be solely guided by the provisions of GFRs 2005.

3.         In the circumstances, in supersession of the extant instructions regarding procurement of summer/winter uniforms relating to Groups 'C' & 'D' employees in the Central Secretariat Ministries/Departments and its attached and subordinate offices, the purchase procedure to be followed in different exigencies and the relevant rules in the GFRs are outline below:-

(i) Chapter 7 of the GFR's 2005 pertaining to procurement of Goods and Services may be carefully perused to ensure that the procurement/purchase procedure adopted is strictly in line with the prescribed rules.  In this connection attention is specially drawn to some of the following important provisions, details of which may be obtained from the GFR's 2005

Rule 137- Fundamental Principles of Public Buying

Rule 144- Reserved items

Rule 145- Purchase of Goods without Quotation

Rule 146- Purchase of Goods by Purchase Committee

Rule 148-Demand should not be divided  into small quantities to make piece- meal purchase

Rule 160-Transparency, competition, Fairness and elimination of Arbitrariness in the procurement process

Rule 161 Efficiency, Economy and Accountability in Public Procurement system

(ii) All purchases should be made through a duly constituted Purchase Committee comprising of three members of an appropriate level as decided by the Head of the Department, including one member from the internal Finance Division and two belonging to the Administration Division.  In addition, a fourth member may be associated with the purchase committee, to be nominated by the concerned staff Associations/unions.

(iii) In case of purchase of goods of a value above Rs 15,000/- and upto 1,00,000/-, on each occasion, purchase may be made only on the recommendations of a duly constituted purchase committee defined in para (ii) above, and as decided by the Head of the Department.  The committee will survey the market to ascertain the reasonableness of rate, quality and specifications and identify the appropriate supplier.  Also, before placing the purchase order, the members of the committee will jointly record a certificate and authenticate it, as under

"Certified that we, S/Shri-------------- members of the purchase committee, are jointly and individually satisfied that the goods recommended for purchase are of the requisite specification and quality, priced at the prevailing market rate and the supplier, recommended is reliable and competent to supply the goods in question."

(iv) Subject to the exceptions incorporated in Rules 151 and 154 of GFR's 2005, invitation to tenders by advertisement should be used for procurement of goods of estimated value of Rs 25 lakhs and above

(v) In case of Ministry/Department directly procedure DGS&D rate contract goods from suppliers, the prices to be paid for such goods should not exceed the rate mentioned in the rate contract and the other terms and conditions of purchase should also be in line with those specified in the rate contract. In addition, the Ministry/Department has to make its own arrangement for inspection and testing of the goods, where so required.

3.         While observing the above change in procedure, the purchase committee/competent Authority may also keep in view the provisions of Rule 144 of the GFRs, 2005, that reads as under:-

"Rule 144, Reserved Items: The Central Government, through administrative instructions, has reserved all items of handspun and hand-woven textiles(Khadi goods) for exclusive purchase from Khadi Village Industries Commission (KVIC), it has also reserved all items of handloom textiles required by Central Government departments for exclusive purchase from KVIC and/or the notified handlooms units of ACASH(Association of Corporations and Apex Societies of Handlooms),  The Central Government has also reserved some items for purchase from registered Small Scale Industrial Units.  The Central Departments or Ministries are to make their purchases for such reserved goods and items from such units as per the instruction issued by the Central Government in this regard"

Courtesy : http://katiharho.blogspot.in

Commemorative Postage Stamps

Commemorative Postage Stamps

In all 330 commemorative postage stamps on freedom fighters and 430 on eminent personalities have been issued between August, 1948 and April, 2012.

The commemorative postage stamps issued by the Department of Posts are determined based on the following rules:-

1. Commemorative postage stamps will be issued on subjects that have a national or international stature or have made national/international contribution or impact or reflect national/international areas of concern.

2. The Annual Issue Programme shall reflect regional, cultural and ethnic balance.

3. Stamps on a particular subject shall issue only once, except thematic such as wild life, environment, transport, flora fauna etc. or regular issues like Children’s Day, Season Greetings and sets on heritage, nature, culture, art, architecture etc.

4. Stamps shall be issued only on the apex institutions, not on branches of any institution or organization.

5. There shall be not over 50 issues (maximum 100 stamps) of commemorative stamps per annum.

6. Stamps on personalities shall not exceed 10% of the Annual Issue Programme.

7. The Union Minister incharge of the Ministry of Communications & IT may approve 5% of the Annual Issue Programme.

8. The date of issue shall be fixed by the Philately Division keeping in view the significant dates relating to the subject and the availability of slots in the printing schedule.

9. Dates of issue once fixed shall not be changed. A proponent may hold a presentation function on any day on or after the date of issue.

10. Proposals may be sent by any citizen of India.

11. Proposals should be sent at least two years in advance for consideration by the Philatelic Advisory Committee (PAC) and approval by the competent authority.

12. Proposals must be submitted in the format available on indiapost.gov.in.

13. Proposals will be considered and recommended/not recommended by the PAC. They will not be carried forward for the next PAC meeting.

14. Proponents shall follow the protocol for release functions.

15. The Department of Posts will decide the subject matters, prohibited subjects renewal of philatelic products, procedure for proposal consideration and issue/release of a stamp, period of sale of commemorative/special stamps and for definitive stamps and postal stationery. It will also determine issue policy, withdrawal policy and archival policy.

16. The denominations of postage stamps shall be in consonance with domestic and international postal tariffs.

17. The personalities on whom commemorative stamp may be issued should be of national or international importance. The occasion to be commemorated must be the birth centenary or 10^th /25^th /50^th /100^thdeath anniversary. No stamp will be issued sooner than ten years after an individual’s death. A commemorative stamp shall be issued in honour of the head of State on his/her first death anniversary.

18. A stamp on an institution, building, monument etc. may be issued on its centenary/125^thanniversary/ 150^thanniversary etc. The building, institution to be so honoured must be Heritage site of national/international importance or site recognized by ASI of national/international importance. Building of regional importance may be commemorated with issue of special cover with special cancellation.

19. At least 25% of the stamps issued in a year will be on popular themes like flora, fauna, culture, heritage etc.

20. Proponents for the stamps relating to institutions/events/large organisations are required to make a mandatory purchase of a minimum number of 1 lakh stamps and the requisite philatelic ancillaries.

This information was given by the Minister of State for Communications & Information Technology Shri Sachin Pilot in a written reply in the Lok Sabha yesterday.

BK/AT/PM


Source : PIB

An – Important CAT Decision

Abnormal delay in issuing a charge-sheet to an employee for his omissions and commissions leads to quashing of charge-sheet and also return of recovered money, if any amount is recovered from the charge-sheeted employee

Facts: While the Applicant was working as Accountant with effect from 21.5.1996 and BCR with effect from 1.7.2007, he was issued with a charge-memo under rule 16 of CCS (CCA) Rules vide Memo, dated 11.12.2008 for a matter which related to October, 1997, i.e. more than 11 years old. A recovery of Rs1,94,791 was to be recovered as per the order of SPOs, Sitapur, dated 27.03.2009. His appeals were rejected. Hence he filed this OA for setting aside his punishment.

The Applicant, Accountant-II, states that no undertaking was taken from him in regard to recovery of amount if any amount is paid by him incorrectly and that B. K. Tripathi, Accountant-I is fully responsible for the lapse and an amount of Rs.24,442 only is to be recovered from him. Further, the punishment order is non-speaking and hence liable to be quashed.

The Respondents sustain their orders based on various instructions of the Ministry of Finance and Chief Postmaster-General of U. P. Circle, Lucknow. They further state that an enquiry was conducted in the misappropriation of money and four persons including the Applicant was found responsible. Out of four, one had retired and another died. Hence no action was taken against them The Applicant and B. K. Tripathi, another employee were found guilty and an amount of Rs. 194791 and Rs. 24,442 respectively are to be recovered from them.

The Applicant placed reliance on the case of P. V. Mahadevan v. M. D. Tamilnadu Housing Board (2005 AIR SCWs 690), wherein the charge memo was quashed due to inordinate delay. In the case of State of M. P. v. Bani Singh, reported in AIR similar view of delay led to quashing of the charge-sheet. In the case of State of A. P. v. N. Radhakrishnan (1998 (4) SCC 154), it was held that in all situations in respect of delay in conclusion of departmental enquiry may vitiate the proceedings. Following these judgments, the tribunal passed similar orders in O. A. No. 427 of 2006. Jhabbar Yadav v. Union of India and others decided on 16.10.2008.

The Tribunal considering the delay in this case of 11 years which pertained to a case 11 years back examined the issue of charge-sheet and punishment thereon. The two employees now punished reportedly committed the mismanagement of money and on the pretext of having given and underataking for recovery, if found guilty is not sustainable. In that connections. It was held:

Held: “In view of aforesaid discussion, we come to the conclusion that there was an inordinate delay of about 11 years in issuing the charge-sheet for initiating disciplinary proceedings for which there is no proper explanation from the side of the Respondents. Therefore, having regard to the aforesaid preposition of law laid down by Hon. Apex Court (Supra) in the above cases, the disciplinary proceedings in question, deserved to be quashed, including order of recovery against Applicant initiated through charge-sheet, dated 11-12-2008 along with recovery Order, dated 27.03.2009. for the same reasons, the Appellate Order, dated 29.6.2009 is also liable to be quashed and accordingly it is so ordered. It is further directed that the amount already recovered, if any from the pay of the Applicant, shall also be refunded.”

The OA is allowed accordingly to the above extent.

(Chandrika Prasad v. Secretary, Department of Posts, Dak Bhawan, New Delhi and other 5/2012, Swamynews 61 (Lucknow) date of judgment 25.8.2011)

OA No. 297 of 2009

Courtesy: Swamy News, May 2012