Laptop computers are not ideal for continuous use. They normally have an elevated and compressed keyboard, a small display screen that is at an angle and position not ergonomically sound, even if they are at an otherwise entirely suitable workstation.
Incorrect or inappropriate use of laptop computers can cause health problems. This guidance offers some practical advice on how to avoid any problems.
Occupational Health has put this leaflet together as an additional aid for anyone who uses a laptop and it should be noted that general workstation set up etc. is covered in the guidance and code of practice documents for computer use.
The significant hazards associated with laptop use may include:
Ergonomics of use – the requirements for portability often means that the ergonomic standards developed for desktop computer workstations are largely ignored when an individual uses a laptop. Often laptops are used on laboratory benches, unsuitable desks and tables at home, on trains or in hotel rooms with limited legroom, poor seating and incorrect screen positions. There are therefore foreseeable risks of developing a wide range of health problems from such poor ergonomic environments.
Vision fatigue – often laptops are used extensively in environments, which do not have suitable lighting. Additionally, laptops often have screens that are not as clear, stable or as bright as normal computer monitors. It is possible that users may be exposed to a greater risk of developing temporary vision fatigue as a consequence.
Manual handling – laptops and their accessories are typically in excess of 5 kg. Although well within the ‘accepted normal load’, they may need to be carried in addition to other items for long periods of time when travelling.
Theft – There is also a real risk of theft and steps should be taken to avoid personal injury by being cautious whilst commuting with equipment. Brand name cases should not be used if possible as this draws attention to the value of the equipment that is being carried.
The following tips should help ensure that you can work comfortably and safely with your portable computer.
Purchasing:
Tip 1: Test the keyboard before purchase to make sure it fits your fingers - miniature keyboards are fine only if you have small fingers or do little data entry/word processing. If you must have a small keyboard and still want to type comfortably, consider fewer keys (with multiple shifts) or use a separate keyboard for such work.
Tip 2: Purchase laptops that have the largest and brightest screen you can afford. It is easier to create a more ergonomic position with such screens and they minimise the potential for vision fatigue. The angle of the screen should be approximately 90o to you line of vision to view the screen clearly.
Tip 3: If possible, buy a ‘docking station’ or attach a separate monitor and/or keyboard to a portable computer for prolonged use since the screen will inevitably be below the optimum viewing angle for comfort.
Tip 4: If you intend to work whilst travelling, make sure the pointing device (trackball, button or whatever) can cope with movement and vibration. Palm or wrist rests in front of the keyboard can help provide a stable base for use on the move, or in the office environment.
Health:
Tip 5: When using a trackball or glide pad, keep your hand relaxed with your fingers moving together. Do not screw up your fingers or hold them up in the air while working.
Tip 6: You dramatically increase strain if you twist your body or try to operate your laptop within a cramped environment, such as while travelling. Ensure comfortable working. Adjust your seat to support your back and place the laptop on a flat surface at the correct distance and angle from you.
Tip 7: If travelling, check the total weight you will need to carry. Although laptops are getting lighter, most still require external mains transformers and power leads etc. Additionally most people will also have to carry other papers, their briefcase and other articles. This can result in a number of musculoskeletal disorders over a period of time. The normal solution is a shoulder bag with a padded shoulder strap. Additionally, you can reduce the weight carried by ensuring the battery is fully charged so as to avoid carrying a spare battery.
Tip 8: You may wish to consider purchasing a lightweight laptop stand, mouse and compact keyboard.
